Why learning English is important?

Topic : "English Around The World" 🌎

      Learning English is important to people in the world. that's why because it is one of the most language and to focus on exactly want to learn English. Than, post this is list somewhere you can see it and it will motivate you to keep going even when you are trying to figure out.

      Because it's fun! Learning English, you will also learn about other cultures. Few experiences will make you grow as a person more than learning the values, habit and way of life in a culture that is different from yours.

      It can help you get a better job. Companies are becoming more international, and English is listed as an essential skill for more and more jobs. There are some organization that now conduct all their business, no matter where in the world they are based. If you want the best paid opportunities, learning English is a nice idea.

     Easier to travel anywhere you want. For example deroplane announcements, emergency information and street signs are often translated into English, particularly in countries that use a different type of alphabet. Add the even, if you don't find other travelers or local people that speak your mother tongue, you are practically guarantee to find someone who understand English.

      The English language gives student  access to information and research. Since many of the top academics need strong English reading and writing skills. Moreover, for a research study or other publication to get sufficient attention, it should be published in English language.

      In the end, all the above elaboration, I hope that people will see the importance and realise how importance the language for your own future. Although it is second language after Bahasa Malaysia  first in our country, it is now a main language all over the world.      

WORLDWIDE LANGUAGE

Dear readers,

Seems this is going to be the last but not least entry for our Proficiency English's class project in semester 1 intake July 2017, we would like to end it with a cliche title among students which is The Importance of English.

English is the most common spoken language in majority of countries. By today’s world of information technology, learning English is a must. But, why learning English is so important?

English is the main language used for education. This is because most of the books in higher level education are written in English. Example which is so close to us are, as students of Kolej Poly-Tech Mara Batu Pahat in Human Resource Program, 90% of the notes received were in English language. At first, it was quiet difficult to adapt with the environment but somehow we already getting used to it as it had became our routine.

Next is in the field of business. Malaysia is a multi racial country consisting of Malays, Chinese, Indians and numerous indigenous people which lead to a variety of language. But, in business issues, when we found it was hard to communicate with each other, we tend to speak in English. So, its clear that English is a dominant business language. It is almost a necessary for individual who involves in business to speak English, if they wish to enter a global workforce.

Ability to speak well in English also helps to fulfill the qualification required for vacancy. Multinational organization usually seek for individual who able to deal with excellent working knowledge of English. This is because organization with high performance demand in need individual with good identity to travel abroad for work. This shows that English is a need for various of jobs like pilot, stewardess, travel guide and even secretary.

As you probably noticed, there are a lot of benefits in learning English. Learning English absolutely would change your life to a better one from all aspects. No matter how you learn, it’s pretty helpful to practice language daily as practice makes perfect. English for life!

Thats all for our last entry. Thankyou for reading!

Learning English is Useful For Future

Hello Everyone!

 As you know, English is one of the language that everyone will use in daily life. Either for work or when you talk to your family or friends. Learning English is important because we use this language to communicate with people especially when we meet the foreigner.

 English so important because it may not be the most spoken language in the world, but it is the official language in a large number of countries. It is estimated that the number of people in the world that use English to communicate on a regular basic is about 2 million. Many people learning English because it is one way to get access to a broader range of information, connection and opportunities.

 English is dominant business language and it has almost become a necessity for people speak English if they are enter to a global workforce. Research from all over the world shows that cross-border business communication is most often conducted in English. It is important in global marketplace because it cannot be understated, therefore learning English can change your life.

 Although, learning English can be challenging and it may take some time but at the end it is worth. We can see that it is also very valuable to learn and create many opportunities. The fact that many people use English is likely to remain a globally dominant language for nowadays and also our
future.

 In a nutshell, we should learn English for the sake of our future. So if you go to overseas, you can speak English fluently with white people. Nothing to be worry, take our time to learn English  because at the end of the day it is useful for our life and worth it.

English Awesome

Why English is so important?

English is the most spoken “second language” in the world. There are more people that speak both Spanish and Chinese as their primary language, but nothing comes close to the prevalence of English as a second language. A lot of that comes from British colonization. A lot of it also comes from the soft power of Hollywood. That is why it became important, but I think there are several other reasons why it has remained important.

There have been international companies for many years, but the 20th century is the period where they really started to flourish. As the world became more connected, it became more important to have a common language. Computers and the internet came to dominate the last part of the 20th century and they also used English as the main base language. All computer programming code is written in English.

In the age of globalization, English language has taken its place. Studies say more than two billion people use English for their day to day communication. English is the primary language of communication between different countries. Especially in India, people of different states use different language, English is used as a bridge for connecting various people beyond countries. English has its importance in all country.

English is the dominant business language and it has become almost a necessity for people to speak English if they are to enter a global workforce. Research from all over the world shows that cross-border business communication is most often conducted in English. Its importance in the global market place therefore cannot be understated, learning English really can change your life.

Many of the world’s top films, books and music are published and produced in English. Therefore by learning English you will have access to a great wealth of entertainment and will be able to have a greater cultural understanding. Most of the content produced on the internet (50%) is in English. So knowing

English will allow you access to an incredible amount of information which may not be otherwise available! 

Oh My! English 📚

THEME: WHY LEARNING ENGLISH IS IMPORTANT?

TOPIC: BENEFIT OF LEARNING ENGLISH

TITLE: Oh My! English 📚

A lot of international students come to America to learn English. Learning English is important because it is the most common language in the world. Learning English is very important because it improves one’s chance of getting a good job, helps one communicate in foreign countries, and broadens one’s social networking.

Learning English improves the chance of getting a good job.

Companies which deal with international clients and suppliers rely on English-speaking employees to interpret for them with the day-to-day operations. The requirements for the position consists the ability to speak English. Therefore, learning English improves one’s chance of getting this position.

Can travel much more countries
People who understand English can travel much more countries by themselves than people who do not speak English. A lot of countries are using English as their main sub-language, and there are multiple simple English phrases spread around the world. Even if one enters countries whose main languages do not include English, one would probably see signs such as “OK”, “Yes”, and “No.” Understanding English helps tremendously when traveling because one can communicate and understand better.

English broadens one’s social networking

For example, people who speak English have a better chance at being accepted into training programs or colleges in English-speaking countries. They can make friends easier if they know English. They can also make friends all around the world just by using instant messengers online. Knowing English broadens one’s social networking because they can communicate with people around the world.

Everyone in the world learnt the same language, such as English then it would be much easier to communicate with people all over the world. We would be able to learn a lot about each other cultures and life experiences as we will not have a language barrier.

YUMMY!

Recipe

Food & Cooking
Whether you're cooking a feast for the holidays or just need some great ideas for dinner, we have all the recipes, cooking tips and techniques to make simple and delicious food you and your family will love. 

                                

In Malaysia, there are many types of food, such as roti canai, chicken curry, roti jala, asam laksa, curry laksa, nasi lemak, popiah, mee goreng, char keuy teow, and more. Here I want share some recipe of Malaysia food.

Laksa Johor. 

This coconut fish base noodle soup is popular in Johor, a southern state in Peninsular Malaysia and uses spaghetti instead of laksa noodles.

~Ingredients

·        500g spaghetti noodles, cook and set aside

·        500g mackerel

·        500g prawns, deveined and shelled. Save shells for stock

·        300g salted ikan kurau, soak in water to soften

·        kerisik

·        6 cups (1.5 liter) water

·        2 cups (500ml) thick coconut milk

·        3 lemongrass, pierce and smash the bulbs

·        small bunch of polygonum leaves

·        5 pieces asam gelugor

·        cooking oil

·        salt and pepper to  taste

~ Spice Blend

·         30 dried chillies, soak in hot water and discard sedds

·         8 shallots

·         2 cloves garlic

·         2 cm galangal

·         2 cm turmeric

·         1 tablespoon fish curry powder

~ Garnish

·         1 cucumber, cut in matchstick slices

·         2 long chinese beans, sliced finely

·         2 large red onions, sliced thinly

·         3 red chillies, sliced

·         A few springs of mint leaves, torn

·         A few springs of polygonum leaves, shredded

·         100g beansprouts, remove ends, rinse and dry

·         Fresh halved kasturi limes

·         Sambal belacan to taste

~Directions:

Prep : 20minutes

Cook : 20minutes

Ready : 40minutes

1)      Simmer the cleaned whole fish in a pot of water with the prawn shells until cooked. Remove fish and let cook before separating the flesh form the bone. Flake the flesh in small pieces. Strain the stock and reserve.

2)      Tear pieces of the salted fish away from any bones, add the softened dried shrimp and the flaked flesh of cooked fish and put in blender and mince till fine. Set aside.

3)      Blend together the spice ingredients until fine, adding a little oil to make a paste.

4)      Heat a little oil in a pot and fry the blended spice ingredients till frogrant. Add asam gelugor, lemongrass, a handful of polygonum leaves and stir.

5)      Add in the reserved stock to the pot and stir the ingredients together and bring to boil for 10 minutes. After that, add the minced seafood, kerisik and coconut milk. Lower heat and stir frequently. Add salt and pepper to taste.

6)      Cook until the sauce begins to thicken and just before serving, throw in the fresh prawns, make sure not to overcook it in the sauce.

7)      Serve the gravy on top of the spaghetti and add garnish.

Seri Muka

~ Ingredients :

For bottom layer

·         300g  glutinous rice (soak for 30 minutes in water)

·         200ml thin coconut milk ( 100ml coconut milk plus 100ml water)

·         2 screwpine (pandan) leaves (optional)

·         1 teaspoon salt

For top layer

·         200ml thick coconut milk or coconut cream

·         2 large eggs plus 2 egg yolks

·         170g sugar

·         100ml pandan / screwpine juice (from 8-10 pandan leaves)

·         5 tablespoon all purpose flour + tablespoon cornstarch

~Method :

Mixed all the ingredients for the bottom layer and steam on high heat for 20 minutes. Meanwhile prepare the top layer. Mix the eggs, coconut milk, sugar, pandan juice and flour. Stir until smooth. Cook over boiling water (using double boil method) until the mixture thickens slightly but still runny enough to pour. After 20 minutes, take out the glutinous rice mixture, stir and flatten it with spoon or hands. Make sure it is compact. Use a sieve to pour the egg mixture on to the nice mixture. Steam on medium heat for 30 minutes. Leave to cool before cutting into diamond-shaped or rectangle-shaped  pieces.

Chicken Satay

~Ingredients :

4 chicken legs and thighs (preferred) or 4 boneless and skinless chicken breasts

Bamboo skewers, soaked in cold water for 2 hours

1 cucumber, cut into small pieces

1 small onion, quartered

Oil for basting

~Marinade :

3 tablespoons oil

2 stalks lemongrass, white parts only

2 cloves garlic, pelled

6 shallots peeled

2 teaspoons turmeric powder

1 teaspoon coriander power

1 teaspoon chill power

½ tablespoon salt or to taste

3 tablespoons sugar

~Method :

Cut the chicken meat into small cubes. Blend the Marinade ingredients in a food processor. Add on a little water if needed. Marinate the chicken pieces for 6 hours or best overnight. Thread a few pieces of the chicken meat onto the bamboo skewers and grill for 2-3 minutes on each side until nicely charred. Baste and brush with some oil while grilling. Serve hot with the fresh cucumber pieces and onions.

Try the recipe at home. Enjoy and love it.

SMARTPHONES ADDICTION

Hello readers!

Is it your first time viewing our entry? Nice to meet you! Soooo, for today, we'e going straight to the point to our topic that seems so much relate to generation z, which is individual who born from 97an until now. Lets talk about the pros and cons of smartphones! We're pretty sure that most of individuals do have your own smartphone, no matter what brand it is such as iPhone (the most wanted), Samsung, Vivo, Huawei, Oppo etc.

Everything has its pros and cons, as well smartphones too. If you are wondering what positives and negatives can be of smartphones, you are at the right place as today we will share these with you!

Smartphones are parts of life that totally make our life way more convenient. We use smartphones in our daily life. The potential of smartphone can be seen by we can’t travel to work, study, and communicate without them. Yes, it do seems not important, but somehow you will feel uncomplete without its existing. Lives would be as difficult if those things are not invented. There are many pros and cons when using smartphones.

The advantage of smartphones is as a communication tools. They make the process of communication way faster and smooth. Especially for students, it is easier for lecturer and students to keep in touch. We can get information directly, so that every class management can be arranged effeciently and effectively. Beyond simple voice calling, most smartphones support instant messaging across several popular programs, such as Whatsapp (common use), Telegram and as well as email. It can also be used to organize events and foster communication.

Furthermore, smartphones are quickly becoming portable entertainment devices nowadays. We now can enjoy music and karaoke through our smartphones only. It is just a piece of cake that we just convert the file into mp3, mp4, etc and we can listen to it whenever we wish to. Apart form that, there are several apps that provide music online as Joox, Sound Cloud etc so that we just can enjoy the songs by wifi or data instead of downloading.

In addition, young generation are attracted by the stylish and joyful games. They usually spend their time to play games in order to release stress, refreshing mind and looking for peace. There are so much games apps which it can be either we need to download the apps or play it online, its actually depends. For example, the most hottest game in this era, which is Mobile Legend. If said that you know nothing about this apps, you're lying little kid!

Although most of it seems positive, there's a dark side to it as well. The disadvantages of smartphones is lack of concentration. Smartphones can distract you even when you want to focus on an important task at hand. It's annoying when a phone rings at the middle of the class lecture. The environment of study mood during class would be 50% only. Even during the school hours, students are seen chatting with their online friends. This distraction absolutely can cause harm to their studies.

Moreover, overuse of smartphone led to damaging relationships. Especially in family between parents and children. Parents nowadays give their children smartphone to stop the childs from crying or disturbing parents from doing works. It  isn't a good solution dear parents, there is always a better way. However when someone get so busy with their smartphone that they forget to spare time for the loved ones around them. Often family members decide to spend their time with each other looking at their phones instead of interacting with one another.

In a nutshell, there were lots of the pros and cons of smartphones. In the end, it all depends on our usage. Smartphones are the most personal device to us and we should make an optimal use of them. What are your views regarding the same? Share it with us using the comments section below.

Thankyou!

SOCIAL MEDIA IN LIFE?

                              THEME: SOCIAL MEDIA
                     TOPIC:    YOUR CHOICE BAD OR GOOD
                     TITTLE: SOCIAL MEDIA INTEREST
Social media is a kind of medium used online by allowing people to easily join, share, and create issues through blogs, social networks, wikis, and so on. Blogs and social media are the most popular forms of social media used by the community, especially teens used to fill their free time. Not forgetting, social media also has good and bad.

The good of social media is as a means of promoting a product. This method is simpler, faster and more effective to market a product, but it can also generate profits from marketing in social media. So, we do not have to worry about the time or place to promote the product. Our community prefer to buy goods online like instagram and facebook. It is clear that social media is the best way to attract many customers.

The use of social media can also add new contacts from all over the country and can search for disconnected contacts. Apps like WeChat, Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp are the best options for finding contact. We can choose our friends through this app. The comments to a person who is continually uploading will strengthen the relationship of fellow partners. For colleagues who have graduated they have lost contact. This social media can be used to search for a long-lost contact. Through social media they can know the career of a friend. It is clear that social media can find old friends and add new ones.

Other than that, there are also some negative effects of using social media. Among other things, the spread of influence or the element of pornography from the west into the life of society. The element of pornography is readily available on the internet. The elements of pornography such as reading materials, pictures and videos are easily accessible and disseminated by those social media users. This is said to be because social media such as Facebook and My Space are accessed not only by Malaysians but even the entire population of the country can also access it. In addition, western cultures such as Black Metal, Punk, Gothic, and Skin Head will spread to teenagers in Malaysia, this will influence adolescents to imitate the culture so that there is a culture of hedonism and gangsterism in school. It is clear that the use of social media can influence the thinking of young people to erode the moral values of society.

Other effects of using social media over the internet led to the occurrence of many fraud and forgery. This is because, there are many cases of fraud happening especially among girls. This is due to those newly met through social media. They will usually follow all the wishes of the friends in the social media. For example, this happens when couples in social media send a short messaging system (SMS) to make an appointment expressing where and when. Next, the teenage girl will go to a place that has been expressed without a long thought. Nevertheless, upon arrival at the site stated by the social contact, they may be deceived and some have become victims of rape. But there are many other negative things that can happen to social media users if they do not use social media in the right way.

The presence of social media has slightly affected the pattern of life in society in Malaysia. Social media is not just a place to find new friends or a place to sell stuff online, but social media is also where you can buy things online like in Zalora, social media is also where you can find your information want. The use of social media has brought many advantages and disadvantages to adolescents and communities. However, the negative impacts must be taken seriously by the authorities to take appropriate action against irresponsible social websites. As a human being, we have to fend off every bad thing. The saying goes that "preventing it is better than cure."

WEIRD BUT TRUE

Festivals.

 Festival is an art event ordinary celebrated by a community and centering on some characteristics aspect of that community and its religion or tradition. It often serve to fullfill specific communal purposes,especially in regard to communication or thanksgiving. They may also provide entertainment,which was particularly important to local communities. There are many festival in this world such as eid festival,food festival,halloween and others. I am so interested with this one festival,it is a weird festival. It seems funny and doesnt make sense but it happens. Most of weird festival celebrated in others country such as US,Spain and more. For this entry, I would like to give an example about weird festivals that happen in certain country

So the first one is Baby Jumping Festival. Once a year in mid-June,devils run wild in the Spanish village of Castrillo De Murcia. It represents the triumph of good over devil. During the festivals, red and yellow-masked 'devils' run through the streets hurling insults at villagers and whipping them. When drums announce the arrival of the black-clad atabalero,pious men who have come to drive out devil, el salto del Calacho - the fight of the devil will begin. Babies born during the previous year are laid on mattresses in the street while the customed men leap over them. They believe that the devil absorbs the sin of the babies and give them a protection. There have been no report of injuries,however the practice remain a subject of debate within the Catholic Church

The next one is Boryeong Mud Festival who are celebrated by Korean people. It is an annual festival which takes part during the summer of Boryeong. The first mud festival was staged in 1998 and attracted around 2.2 millions visitor to Boryeong. In range of 1996, the cosmetics was produced using the mud from the Boryeong mud flats. They said the cosmetics to be full of minerals,bentonities and germaniums which naturally in the mud from the sea.Through this festivals,it was hoped people will learn more about the mud and cosmetics.

The last one that i will show you is the Monkey Buffet Festival. This festival is celebrated by people in Thailand. This festival included giving fruits and vegetables to the local monkey populations of 2000 in Lopburi Province north of Bangkok. The festival was described as one of the strangest festival by London’s Guardin newspaper. There’s a photograph from the Monkey Buffet Festival at Pra Prang Sam Yot temple shows a monkey trying to get the fruits and vegetables. 

There are 3 examples of the weird festival that happens in some country. Basically the festival happens because of their traditions or something that related to their religion. Maybe it seems weird to us especially people who live in Malaysia. For me, it is a new knowledge for us to know some tradition in other country. So do not judge of whatever that they do because it might be sensitive for them. Just enjoy and respect whatever that they do. You can search more about weird festival if you want. So thank you and have a good day everyone. 

SATURATION OF COLOR🌈

THEME: COLOUR

TOPIC: HOW RAINBOW GET ITS COLOR
TITLE: SATURATION OF COLOR🌈
"LIFE ARE DULL WITHOUT THE MAGIC OF COLORS"

A rainbow is a natural phenomenon caused by the refraction and reflection of light in droplets of water, which results in the appearance of a spectrum of light in the sky. Rainbows appear in the form of a multicolored bow. When caused by water and sun, rainbows appear on the side of the sky that is directly opposite the sun. They can be full circles at times, but to the average observer, only the arc will be visible.

As we know Rainbows are variations of colors that are created by the sun reflecting upon the 

ground. A rainbow is one of the most spectacular light shows that are observed on Earth. It is sunlight that is spread out into a spectrum of different colors. The observer never realizes that the sun is behind them when they are facing a rainbow, also that the arc of the rainbow is in the opposite direction of the sun.

Not many people know that there two parts to a rainbow, primary and the secondary.Many people think that the only colors in a rainbow are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet, but there are actually a large variety of colors that cannot be seen by human eyes. The complete scientific reasoning behind why or how we see rainbows is truly not scientific , it is more geometric . Raindrops are one way we see the rainbows.

 From the suns shine behind us brings the colors , it then transfers into rays of light an is REFRACTED towards us. Then they are once reflected back to the start of our first raindrop. As it is refracted and exits the raindrop , it’ll return to our eyes.

MY LOVELY DAY DIARY

                                  THEME:TRAVEL
                                  TOPIC:THE MOST INTERESTING PLACE EXPERIENCE
                                  TITTLE: 'MY LOVELY DAY DIARIES' at Cameron Highland

Cameron Highland is a great place to travel in the state of  Pahang  .Cameron Highland is 6,001 feet tall (1829meter) above sea level.Cameron highland has a plateau at 4500 feet. It causes the climate to be cold, temperate 20 and rarely falls below 10. Also, many places of interest in Cameron Highland In fact, Cameron Highland is suitable for a trip to your loved ones.

The charming place at Cameron Highland is at both the tea garden that must be visited when there. The fresh and cool drink makes your travel worthwhile. In case of this, we can visit the tea factory while raising, learn a little about the tea making process We can also take a cup of tea either in the cafe provided. It is clear that both are very interesting to visit with its beautiful scenery, and are also ideal for taking pictures.

                                     Located in riglet, Cameron Highland.

Strawberry Farm is also very interesting to visit by visitors because visitors can experience the experience of picking strawberry fruit from the garden with the loved ones. In addition, picking strawberries, also ade cafe that provides heavy food or casual meals. So, visitors will not feel tired of being at the destination.

   

                         Located in the hometown of a flat-lands park, Cameron Highland.

Cactus Point

This cactus point is a garden that has a wide variety of cactus trees that have many sizes. This place is best visited with loved ones to better recognize these thorny trees. This destination is also suitable for us who are thirsty. This destination is also suitable for We would like to find the gifts by buying a flower or cactus in a small pot to make a memories.

                                      Located on the slope, Cameron Highland.

Valley's roasted vineyard. Visitors can not only have strawberry farms. There is also a vineyard. But we have to check the fruit of the fruiting season beforehand as grapes are only fruitful twice a year each year. Visitors can also take pictures and pick grapes, there are also several plants that attract visitors to this destination.

                               Located on the ridge river, Cameron Highland riglet.

In conclusion, Cameron Highland is ideal for being a tourist destination in Malaysia. Cameron Highland is also cool with temperature that can enhance comfort while traveling. Cameron Highland is not just for tourism but also a business place for weather factors. Every year, the number of tourist arrivals is increasing not only tourists from neighboring countries like Singapore, Thailand and Indonesia but also attract foreign tourists from West Asia, Europe and the United States. In addition, the area's infrastructure is well-kept to ensure that the area is clean and comfortable for tourists.

THE HISTORY OF MINI BUS

Hello people. Well everyone knows what is transportation right. Most of people are using public transport to go to somewhere especially in Kuala Lumpur. Basically KL have many types of public transport and it is easier for them to go to their work place,shopping mall or else. Transportation is the movement of human,animals and goods from one location to another. Modes of transportation include air,rail,road,water ,cable,pipeline and space.Transport is important because it enables trade between people, which is essential for the development of civilization. So i will explain one of the example of public transport which is bus.

A bus is a road vehicle designed to carry many passengers. Buses can have a capacity as a high as 300 passengers. The most common type of bus is the single-decker rigid bus,with larger loads carried by double-decker and articulated buses and smaller loads carried by midibuses and minibuses,coaches are used for longer distance services. Many type of buses such as aty transit buses and inter-city coaches,charge a fare,other types such as elementary or secondary school buses or shuttle buses within a post. Secondary education campus does not charge a fare. In many jurisdictions, bus drivers require a special licence above and bayond a regular driver's licence.

Other than that, buses may used for scheduled bus transport,scheduled coach transport,school transport,private hire or tourism. Promotional buses may be used for policital campaigns and others are privately operated for a wide range of purposes,including rock and pop band tour vehicle. A few years ago,mini bus was one of the oldest and popular Malaysian public bus service,having served in Kuala Lumpur and the klang valley region. The buses were primarily painted pink with a white stripe on the sides and had a capacity of 20-30 passengers,due to its similar size.

The mini bus service was discontinued from 1 July 1998 onwards to be replaced by the intrakota bus service and later rapid KL buses in 2005. Rapid bus Sdn Bhd is the largest bus operator in Malaysia operating mainly in urban areas of Klang Valley, Penang and Kuantan. As of 2011,Rapid Kl service brands unit of rapid bus,has operated 167 routes with 1400 buses covering 980 residential areas with a ridership of about 400000.

In a nutshell, even if there is new public transport in town but bus is always be the choosen one because many people loves to use the service of bus. Whatever it is, everyone should use public transport wisely and never misude public transport.